Naima Nasrin
BSc. in Textile
National Institute of Textile Engineering and Research
Email: naima.nasrin775@gmail.com
Weaving is a process by which fabric is produced by the interlacing of warp and weft thread. This is the 2nd process of textile product processing, first is yarn manufacturing then weaving. The weaving process produces grey woven fabrics. A number of machines are used for weaving the fabric.
Weaving Machines List:
1. Winding Machine
2. Creeling Machine
3. Warping machine
4. Sizing machine
a. Precision winding machine.
Different types of loom :
1. Handloom
2. Power loom
1. Handloom types:
i. Primitive loom
ii. Pit loom a) Throw shuttle b) Fly shuttle
iii. Frame loom a) Throw shuttle b) Fly shuttle
iv. Chittaranjan loom
v. Haterslay loom
Feature of handloom:
a. Operating system is manual
b. Shedding is done by paddle. Picking, beating done by hand
c. Production is less in handloom
d. Running speed is slow
e. Check and striped fabric are produced
2. List of Power loom used in weaving:
i. Air jet loom
ii. Water jet loom
iii. Rapier loom
iv. Projectile loom
v. Multiphase loom
Feature of power loom:
1. Winding machines
According to the winding process, two types of winding machines:a. Precision winding machine.
b. Non-precision winding machine
According to Drive:
a. Direct drive winding machine.
b. Indirect drive winding machine
Winding for weft yarn:
a. Ordinary pirn winding machine (For conventional loom)
b. Automatic pirn winding machine (For modern loom)
c. Cop winding machine
Functions of a winding machine:
a. Transfer yarn from one package to another suitable package
b. Removing yarn faults like hairiness, neps, slubs, and foreign matter
c. Cleaning the yarn
2. Creeling Machine
3. Warping machine
1. High speed warping machine
2. Sectional warping machine
Functions of warping machine
a. Converting the yarn package into a warper beam of required width.
b. Modifying the faults like thick place thin place.
c. Winding the predetermined length of yarn.
d. Accelerating the next process.
4. Sizing machines
a. Slasher sizing machine.
b. Ball warp sizing machine.
c. Hank sizing machine
Functions of sizing machine
a. Increasing the weave ability of warp yarn.
b. Increasing the tensile strength or breaking strength of cellulose yarn.
c. Increasing smoothness, the elasticity of yarns.
d. Imparting adhesion.
According to Drive:
a. Direct drive winding machine.
b. Indirect drive winding machine
Winding for weft yarn:
a. Ordinary pirn winding machine (For conventional loom)
b. Automatic pirn winding machine (For modern loom)
c. Cop winding machine
Functions of a winding machine:
a. Transfer yarn from one package to another suitable package
b. Removing yarn faults like hairiness, neps, slubs, and foreign matter
c. Cleaning the yarn
2. Creeling Machine
3. Warping machine
1. High speed warping machine
2. Sectional warping machine
Functions of warping machine
a. Converting the yarn package into a warper beam of required width.
b. Modifying the faults like thick place thin place.
c. Winding the predetermined length of yarn.
d. Accelerating the next process.
4. Sizing machines
a. Slasher sizing machine.
b. Ball warp sizing machine.
c. Hank sizing machine
Functions of sizing machine
a. Increasing the weave ability of warp yarn.
b. Increasing the tensile strength or breaking strength of cellulose yarn.
c. Increasing smoothness, the elasticity of yarns.
d. Imparting adhesion.
Loom Machines and their feature
The device which is used for producing woven fabric is called loom. This is the main process for clothing production. It can be said that a loom is a mechanism of weaving yarn or thread into textiles.
Different types of loom :
1. Handloom
2. Power loom
1. Handloom types:
i. Primitive loom
ii. Pit loom a) Throw shuttle b) Fly shuttle
iii. Frame loom a) Throw shuttle b) Fly shuttle
iv. Chittaranjan loom
v. Haterslay loom
Feature of handloom:
a. Operating system is manual
b. Shedding is done by paddle. Picking, beating done by hand
c. Production is less in handloom
d. Running speed is slow
e. Check and striped fabric are produced
2. List of Power loom used in weaving:
i. Air jet loom
ii. Water jet loom
iii. Rapier loom
iv. Projectile loom
v. Multiphase loom
Feature of power loom:
- This is operated by power
- Shedding and picking is done automatically
- High production
- High running speed
- One-color fabric is produced.