Application of Pareto analysis and Fishbone diagram in the apparel industry
Introduction
Pareto analysis and Fishbone ( Cause and effect Diagram) are very popular and useful for quality control of the apparel industry. Pareto analysis and Fishbone diagram, both are the most important tools of 7 QC tools, very important for controlling quality in the apparel manufacturing industry. This article is discussing these most two popular quality control tools.
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| Pareto Analysis |
Pareto Analysis
Pareto is a simple statistical chart, also known as Pareto diagram or Pareto analysis but very useful for quality control. A Pareto chart looks like a cumulative bar graph. The length of the bars represents frequency or cost (Time or money) and are arranged with the longest bars on the left and the shortest to the right. The longest bar represents the most vital cause. Pareto analysis is a statistical data analysis technique, decision making, and a six sigma quality tool, an effective problem-solving technique. Pareto chart shows quality results by sorting defects from top to bottom. Nowadays Pareto analysis becoming popular in the garments manufacturing industry. We get top defects percentage; cumulative defect percentage in Pareto chart, a decision can be made easily, reduce defects and can trace improvement easily.
PARETO Fundamentals
Pareto analysis was named after the Italian economist, Vilfredo Pareto. The original observation was in connection with population and wealth. Pareto
observed that 80% of Italy's land was owned by 20% of the population. In the
late 1940s, Dr. Joseph M. Juran, a Quality Management pioneer, applied this
80/20 Rule to quality control, calling it Pareto's Principle. Pareto Principle,
The 80/20 rule or A vital few and a little many.
| Data frequency table, A Pareto chart is prepared |
Steps of
making /creating Pareto chart/Pareto graph in Excel
1. Open Microsoft excel
2. Collect
data you want to measure
3. Sort your data from largest to
smaller
4. Sum to get the total quantity
5. Create a column of %
6. Create a column of cumulative %
7. Highlight your data to create a
chart
8. Press ALT and F1
9. Select data and remove
column of %
10. Finally change the type of graph for cumulative
Fishbone
diagram
There are must be many potential reasons, or causes, which ultimately lead to creating a defect. A defect is a quality problem. Cause and effect analysis is a tool for analyzing and illustrating a process by showing the main causes and sub-causes leading to a defect. It is sometimes referred to as the “Ishikawa diagram” because kaoru Ishikawa developed it and the “fishbone diagram” because the complete diagram resembles a fish skeleton. The fishbone is easy to construct and invites interactive participation. Fishbone diagram is also called ‘Cause and effect diagram’ or Ishikawa diagram which identifies all root possible causes behind a problem or defect, a tool of 7 QC tools. If you can identify all reasons behind a defect, you can easily work to reduce or remove it by taking some corrective action against defects. Need involvement of related quality control team and production team when making fishbone diagram, should it be in the place where a problem occurs. Fishbone diagram needs to do for every individual defect in garments manufacturing factory.
Fishbone
fundamentals
The fishbone diagram
identifies many possible causes for an
effect or problem. It can be used to structure a brainstorming session. It immediately sorts
ideas into useful categories. Doctor Kaoru Ishikawa is best known for the
development of the Fishbone, also known as a cause-effect diagram. Brainstorm the major categories of causes of the problem, fishbone works based on causes are Method, Machine, Manpower (People), Materials, Measurement, Management, and Environment.
When to use
the FISHBONE
1. When
identifying possible causes for a problem.
2. Especially
when a team’s thinking tends to
fall into ruts.
3. To
generate ideas in an orderly way
4. When
you want to eliminate the cause
5. When
you need a structured approach than some other tools for brainstorming causes
of a problem
Steps of
Making cause and effect diagram
1.
Define
the effect of the problem
2.
Define
the multitask team according to the problem
3.
Draw
the diagram
4.
Put
the effect on the right side
5.
Time
for brainstorming and categorization of ideas
6.
Ask
why, as many times as needed
7.
Fill
the diagram
8.
Choose
the most important causes with the team
9.
Document
it.